The plants of the genus Phyllanthus (Euphorbiaceae) are widely distributed throughout tropical and subtropical coun-

نویسندگان

  • Ying - Jun ZHANG
  • Tsuneatsu NAGAO
  • Takashi TANAKA
  • Chong - Ren YANG
  • Hikaru OKABE
  • Isao KOUNO
چکیده

widely distributed throughout tropical and subtropical countries. They have been used in China, India, the Philippines, Nigeria, East and West Africa, the Caribbean, and Central and South America by traditional medicinal practitioners for the treatment of different types of diseases. Several therapeutic properties such as antipyretic, antibacterial, antiparasitic, antinocioceptive, and antiviral activities have been attributed to this genus. Crude extracts of species such as Phyllanthus amarus and Phyllanthus emblica have been reported to provide antioxidant and/or antigenotoxic protection. Moreover, phyllanthostatins 1—6, which exhibited potent antineoplastic activity, have been isolated from the roots of Phyllanthus acuminatus. P. emblica L. is a shrub or tree growing in the tropical and subtropical parts of Southeast Asia, particularly in southern China, India, Indonesia, and the Malay Peninsula. It has been used widely for its antiinflammatory and antipyretic effects in many local traditional medicinal systems, such as Chinese herbal medicine, Tibetan medicine, and Ayurvedic medicine. The fruit is edible and the fruit juice is produced as a beverage in Yunnnan Province, People’s Republic of China. The air-dried fruit is also used for the treatment of cancer in Tibetan and Egyptian medicines. The active principles or extracts of P. emblica have been shown to possess several pharmacologic actions, e.g., antitumor, and cytotoxic activities. Our previous chemical investigation of this plant led to the isolation of several novel sesquiterpenoids from the roots, new organic acid gallates and polyphenols from the fruit juice, and new ellagitannins and flavonoids from the branches and leaves. Among them, phyllaemblic acid (1) and its glycosides phyllaemblicins A—C (2—4) were the major sesquiterpenoids from the roots, and organic acid gallates, L-malic acid 2-O-gallate (5), and mucic acid 2-O-gallate (6) together with hydrolysable tannins, 1-O-galloyl-b-Dglucose (7), corilagin (8), and chebulagic acid (9) were found to be the major phenolic constituents of fruit juice. Elaeocarpusin (10) and putranjivain A (11) were the other two main ellagitannins obtained from the fruit juice. Moreover, seven other tannins and flavonoids, geraniin (12), phyllanemblinins C and E (13 and 14), prodelphinidin B1 (15), prodelphinidin B2 (16), (2)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (17), and (S)-eriodictyol 7-[6-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl]-b-D-glucoside (18) were the main phenolic compounds isolated from the branches and leaves of the plant (Figs. 1, 2). Among these compounds, 1— 6, 13, 14, and 18 are newly isolated from P. emblica. Continuous studies on the 60% aqueous acetone extract of the roots of P. emblica led to the isolation of a major component, proanthocyanidin polymer phyllemtannin (19). Although many studies have so far been carried out on the chemical components of P. emblica, its detailed active principles are generally not well known. This paper deals with the inhibitory activity of 19 together with the 18 main constituents 1—18 isolated previously from P. emblica on the proliferation of B16F10 (murine melanoma), HeLa (human uterine carcinoma), and MK-1 (human gastric adenocarcinoma) cells to determine their roles in the anticancer uses of this plant. The determination of proanthocyanidin polymer, phyllemtannin (19), from the roots is also described. February 2004 Notes Biol. Pharm. Bull. 27(2) 251—255 (2004) 251

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Isolation and Characterization of Polyphenolic Compound Quercitin from Phyllanthus Emblica

The curative parts of medicinal plants are not simply its woody stem or its leaves but the number of chemical compounds (phytoconstituents) it produces and uses for its own growth like flavonoids, alkaloids, gum, mucilage, protein, carbohydrate etc. The genus Phyllanthus is widely used in medicine but still lot of work left to explore this genus. So the species, Phyllanthus emblica which is wid...

متن کامل

Isolation of Rutin from Phyllanthus Amarus

General phytochemical screening of Phyllanthus amarus (Euphorbiaceae) revealed the presence of Saponin, tannins, glycoside and alkaloids etc. The aim of this study is to identify and characterize the bioactive principle from the plant. It has wide folk medicinal uses. The isolation and characterization of Phytoconstituents was done from the methanolic extract by the gradient fractionation metho...

متن کامل

Phyllanthus Sp a Local Plant with Multiple Medicinal Properties

The plants of the genus Phyllanthus (Euphorbiaceae) are distributed in most tropical and subtropical regions of world. This plant has been long used as a traditional medicine to treat problems such as stomach, intestinal infections, kidney and urinary bladder disturbances, diabetes, and hepatitis B. There has been considerable interest in these plants in recent years. This review discusses the ...

متن کامل

Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Phyllanthus species in Thailand and the application of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism for Phyllanthus amarus identification.

The genus Phyllanthus (Phyllanthaceae) is distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, and its members are widely used as medicinal plants in many countries. We analyzed the nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacers of ribosomal DNA of 56 plant samples covering 23 Phyllanthus species collected from various habitats in Thailand. Based on the sequence alignment, we constructed ...

متن کامل

Immunostimulant activity of Phyllanthus reticulatus Poir: a useful plant for infectious tropical diseases

The plants labeled as ‘rasayana’ have been endowed with properties like strengthening the phycho-neuro-immune axis[1]. Dysfunction of immune system is responsible for various diseases like cancer, allergy, arthritis, ulcerative colitis, asthma, parasitic diseases and infectious diseases[2]. Plants are the invaluable, incredible and traditional sources for the curability of various diseases in t...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2004